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Arrow-Puffin-3_Semester-1 Maths 137MULTIPLICATIONMultiplication is when you take one number and add it together a number of times. In other words, multiplication is repeated addition.Example: There are 5 pencils in one pencil box. How many pencils are there in 4 pencil boxes if all pencil boxes have the same number of pencils?To find the number of pencils in 4 pencil boxes, we add 5 four times. 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20Instead of adding, we can also multiply : 5 x 4 = 20So, 5 x 4 = 20 is a multiplication fact.Each part of the multiplication, sum has a special name.The two numbers multiplied are called the factors and the result we obtain is called the product. 7 x 2 = 14factors productThus in the above example, 7 and 2 are the factors of 14.The number to be multiplied is called the multiplicand.The number by which we multiply the multiplicand is called the multiplier.The answer we get on multiplying is called the product.PROPERTIES OF MULTIPLICATION%u2022 The product of a number and zero [0] is zero [0]. Example : 5 x 0 = 0 or 0 x 5 = 0%u2022 The product of a number by 1 is the number itself. Example : 6 x 1 = 6 or 1 x 6 = 6%u2022 We can multiply two numbers in any order. The product will be the same. multiplicand multiplier product5x 420Let's Understand Conceptual UnderstandingLet's Understand Conceptual Understanding